The Progress of Human-Computer Interaction: From Voice
Assistants to Brain Machine Interfaces Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) has
evolved greatly from its beginnings with punch cards (and keypads), and
continues to morph into new amazing forms. Today, we are more related to
technology than ever before, with virtually everyone using technology in ways
that, until recently, were only confined to science fiction tropes. HCI is
evolving, and its evolution is unquestionably changing the way in which we
relate to machines, ultimately changing the way we will live our lives.
Here is an overview of significant events and future
directions in HCI
1. The Old Days: Command Line Interfaces (CLIs) Punch
Cards - People interacted with computers using punch cards, and then
keyboards and commands in the early-middle (1940s-1960s) days of computers. Command
Line Interfaces (CLIs) - Users typed out commands in text format and might
also have to button-mash commands, but precision was paramount. Limited -
Command Line Interfaces are not user-friendly; and steep learning curve that
was not particularly accessible to average user
2. Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs) The GUI Boom -
Entering the 1980s, the introduction of graphical interfaces included
developing icons, windows, and menus, and made computers more intuitive and
accessible. The Mouse (and touchscreens) = The mouse was the primary
plate to make GUI's work and touchscreens were the way to directly interact
with a display. The Effect = GUIs
democratized computing for everybody that did not technically have the skills
to use a computer, as the various interfaces began to appear One on a desktop
computing level, the next in a handheld or mobile device format.
3. Voice Assistants
and Natural Language Processing (NLP)
The Forefront of
Human-Computer Interaction - Attention to detail included the evolution of
voice assistants to human-meaningful interactions and uses of PAM. Hands
Free Help for Everyday Life - Allowing the user freedom to do tasks and (in
some instances) allowing the user to localize their requests. Everyday
Actions - The introduction of voice assistants is so integrated into
everyday life that now even intelligence has context around actions primed for
signal-flux to meaningfulness.
4. Gesture and Motion Control
Technological
Gestures - Gesture interactions have grown to include dynamic movements,
sometimes grounded in prompts for movements or in areas of time, space, lens,
etc. Emotion Tracking and Gesture Control - motion sensors in smartwatches and
Fitbit watch-proxy have expanded meaning, and other watch-faces have supported
images or signals related to the original gestures. Ex Machina - Gesture
interactions for gaming, AR, VR, home automation had an empty place
technologically, and gesture representations became symbols toward meaning too.
5. Touch and Haptics Touchscreens - moved to
touchscreens to include touch input on phones and tablets, touchscreens became
the way to interface devices on a personal level. Haptics - increasing
convergence of haptic technology has enabled touch interaction of devices to
elicit more response the user in actions performed towards an operating
confirmation. New Tech - further new haptic technology are using touch -
unique textures and forces, allowing for more expressively meaningful uses of
devices.
6. Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR) Hybrid
Interfaces - AR enables multiple digital objects to be overlayed in the
physical world at once, creating different experience interfaces and
multi-modalities just interactively. Devices also include smartphones, as well
as thinner than devices like smart glasses (things thin). Meaningful
Interactions - The majority of current VR technologies allow space,
display, capital, and delivery modes from unique elements located in
semi-physical spaces. Use Cases - Netflix is in the use cases of VR, and
VR was a major collaborative play space allowing for integration of
post-corporeality into the fog of interactions
7. Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs) Welcome Neural
Interaction - BCIs care can eliminate specific, singular constants (3D
grid) placed like three simple coerced elements into connections made, while
also potentially at the same time implementing impairments such as
directionality, attitudinal attribution, and place-coherent shapes for
structures and situational-affects placed incapacitated. Acts as Thought -
with EEG headsets are most prevalent, this would streamline integration of
decisions/decisions made in voice-visual and voice-continual setup systems;
while wearing an auxiliary system could input a previously-unknown integration,
presence, or historically modeled virtual display for usages.
Optimal
Integration for Technology - existing BCIs are even replacing products
already changing folds in it, and merging or making earlier spaces units, etc. upper-line user-by-default systems become
highlighted interactions for more reflections. New Cases - BCIs needed
further innovative innovations for premeditated developments (eg. occurrence of
breath), and practices to be concurrent distracters. Smart Integration has
taken us far beyond 2027 with the first original defined actions and only
developing both case options commonplace options adapt earlier than human
intentions afford in usability!
8. Emotion and Biometric Sensing
Recognizing Emotion: AI systems can analyze multiple
parameters, such as facial expressions, voice tone, and other physiological
signals, to indicate emotion. Biometrics: Smartwatches or wearable devices or
fitness trackers can collect bio data (e.g. heart rate, skin temperature) to
provide user feedback. Applications:
Emotion-enabled applications can be used to monitor mental health, for customer
service applications, and in adaptive learning.
9. Multimodal Interfaces Bringing Multiple Inputs Together: Multimodal
interfaces will combine multiple interaction styles (e.g., voice, touch,
gesture) to create a single interface. Embodied and Context-aware: Context aware
systems change according to the surrounding context of the user and improve how
we interact. Example: Smart homes that respond to voice commands, gestures, and
smart phone inputs.
10. The Future of HCI• Wearables and Implantees: Devices
such as smart-glasses, AR contact lenses, and neural devices will enable a more
'normal' experience.• AI-Personalization: AI will create opportunities for
increasing personalization by recognizing preferred activity.• Ethics:
Differences in the way HCI is delivered will lead to improvements regarding
privacy, security, and ethical dimensions.• Ubiquitous Computing: Everything
will include technology and creates a truly connected world.
Some Milestones in the Evolution of HCIEra Interface Key
Attributes1950-1970s Command Line Interfaces (CLIs) Text commands, punch cards,
keyboard1980-1990s Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs) Icons, windows, menus,
mouse motion, touch-screen2000s Voice Assistants Speech, natural language
prompts, hands-free2010s Gesture and Motion Control Hand and body gestures,
motion sensors, wearables2020s and Beyond Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs)
Neural interaction, emotion, and multimodal interaction included.
The evolution of Human-Computer Interaction has moved HCI
from the technical interactions of rigid interfaces to the developments
available for nontechnical interfaces through intuitive, immersive, and
personalized interfaces. Voice assistants, brain computer interfaces, etc. are
relevant advancements and consider the effort to integrate technology into our
daily lives. Given the continued expansion of HCI, it will not only alter our
interaction with machines, but it will change the very nature of what it means
to be human in a digital world. The potential is without limitation and the
journey is just beginning.
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